Published
January 2, 2025
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Developmental milestones
Developmental milestones
Published
January 14, 2025
1/14/25
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Developmental milestones

Gross motor skill development in early childhood

Understanding gross motor developmental milestones in preschool-age children
Dahlia Rimmon, RDN
Written by
Dahlia Rimmon, RDN
Content Writer
Dr. Marcy Borieux
Medically reviewed by
Dr. Marcy Borieux
Pediatrician

¿Qué son las habilidades motoras gruesas?

Las habilidades motoras gruesas implican controlar los músculos grandes del cuerpo, como los brazos, las piernas y el torso, para camina, corre, salta y gatea. La motricidad gruesa es esencial para las actividades diarias, la actividad física y los movimientos complejos.

Las habilidades motoras gruesas desempeñan un papel clave en:

  • Equilibrio y estabilidad durante el movimiento
  • Coordinación
  • Conciencia corporal y espacial
  • Confianza y seguridad en uno mismo a través de la actividad física
  • Independencia

Habilidades motoras gruesas comunes en niños en edad preescolar

  • Corriendo
  • Saltando
  • Saltando
  • Galopando
  • Lanzar y atrapar objetos como una pelota
  • Pateando
  • Equilibrio (pararse sobre un pie, saltar sobre un pie)
  • Andar en triciclo, bicicleta o scooter
  • Natación
  • Escalar en parques infantiles estructurados
  • Subir escaleras
  • Deportes organizados

Diferencia entre la motricidad gruesa y la motricidad fina

Las habilidades motoras gruesas utilizan grupos musculares grandes para realizar actividades, mientras que las habilidades motoras finas involucran grupos musculares más pequeños, como las manos y los dedos, para realizar movimientos precisos. Las habilidades motoras finas implican practicar la coordinación mano-ojo y la destreza para escribir, dibujar, abrocharse la ropa y usar utensilios.

Factores que contribuyen a los problemas de motricidad gruesa

  • Trastornos del desarrollo
  • Afecciones neurológicas
  • Enfermedades musculares
  • Influencias ambientales

Cuándo consultar a su pediatra

Consulta a tu pediatra si observas retrasos o dificultades importantes para alcanzar los hitos motores apropiados para su edad, como correr, saltar, saltar, lanzar, agarrar objetos y mantener el equilibrio, o si notas problemas de coordinación que interfieren con las actividades diarias de tu hijo.

References
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