The difference between allergies and the common cold

The difference between allergies and colds

• Duration of symptoms: Typically, cold symptoms last for 7 to 10 days, while allergy symptoms persist for weeks or even months if left untreated.
• Fever: While a fever is a common symptom of a cold, it's usually not present in children with allergies.
• Color of mucus: If the mucus is clear, it's usually related to allergies. Yellow or green mucus is associated with a cold.
• Timing of symptoms: Allergy symptoms usually occur at the same time each year when  your child is exposed to a specific allergen, such as pollen or dust. Cold symptoms, like coughing, sore throat, stuffy nose, and a fever, can occur at any time of the year and are spread through contact with others who are ill.
• Itching: Itching is a common symptom of allergies and is not typically associated with colds. Kids with allergies are itchy in their eyes, nose, and throats, and have watery eyes and make repetitive throat clearing noises.
• Feeling ill: While allergies can sometimes make a child feel unwell, this symptom is more commonly associated with infections, such as colds, viruses, and bacterial infections.

Allergy symptoms:

• Clear mucus
• Itchy
• Watery eyes
• Repetitive throat clearing
• Runny nose

Cold symptoms:

• Fever
• Yellow or green mucus
• Coughing
• Sore throat
• Stuffy nose
• Sneezing
• Headaches
• Body aches
• Feel ill

When is allergy season?

Allergy season can vary depending on the specific allergens and your location. However, it generally starts in the spring and lasts through the fall. In the spring, trees release pollen that can trigger allergies, while in the summer, grasses and weeds release their pollen. Fall often brings ragweed, a common allergen, and in some areas, mold spores can also be a problem during the fall.

Treatment options for seasonal allergies

• Antihistamines: These medications can help ease allergy symptoms like sneezing, a runny nose, and itching by blocking histamine, a chemical released during allergic reactions.
• Decongestants: These medications relieve nasal congestion and sinus pressure by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages.
• Nasal sprays: Nasal sprays can reduce inflammation in the nasal passages, helping to relieve allergy symptoms like congestion, sneezing, and a runny nose.
• Prescription medications: If over-the-counter options aren't effective, prescription medications may provide relief.

Consult your local or Summer Health pediatrician before offering your child any medication.  

How to prepare your child for allergy season

• Limit outdoor time during peak pollen hour: Pollen counts are usually highest in the morning and early evening, so try to keep your child indoors during these times.
• Keep windows and doors closed: This prevents allergens from entering your home. Use air conditioning to keep your home cool instead of opening windows.
• Vacuum and dust regularly: Use a vacuum with a HEPA filter to trap pollen and other allergens. Wipe down surfaces with a damp cloth to remove dust and pollen.
• Wash bedding frequently: Wash your child's sheets, blankets, and pillowcases in hot water to eliminate dust mites and other allergens. Consider using protective covers on pillows and mattresses.
• Bathe or shower outdoor play: Help your child wash away pollen from their hair and skin by having them bathe or shower after spending time outside.