Understanding flu shots for infants

What are flu shots?

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Symptoms can range from fever, cough, and body aches to fatigue. The flu shot is an inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) that protects against multiple strains of the influenza virus and helps prevent complications.

Children need the flu shot because they are at higher risk for severe influenza-related complications. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends starting flu vaccinations at 6 months of age.

Can the flu shot cause the flu?

The flu shot does not cause the flu. The vaccine, when administered as a shot, contains an inactivated virus and cannot trigger influenza. Some people may experience mild side effects that resemble flu symptoms, such as soreness at the injection site, low-grade fever, or muscle aches.

When does flu season start?

Flu season starts as early as October, typically peaks between December and February and can last as long as May. Trends can vary by geographic location. Reference the CDC Weekly U.S. Influenza Surveillance Report to track activity in your area.

How to prevent the flu in babies under 6 months old:

For babies under 6 months who cannot receive the flu shot, you can help prevent illness by:

• Breastfeeding.
• Avoiding crowded indoor areas during peak flu season.
• Practicing good hand washing.
• Avoid sharing cups, utensils, toys.
• Do not kiss your baby’s hands or face if you’re sick.
• Practice social distancing if you know someone is sick.  

Side effects of the flu shot in children

• Soreness at the injection site.
• Redness and swelling at the injection site.
• Mild fever.
• Muscle aches.
• Headache.
• Fatigue.

Nasal spray vaccine

The nasal spray vaccine (LAIV) is a live attenuated influenza vaccine administered through the nose. It is recommended for healthy children aged 2 years and older. While generally safe, it’s not suitable for children with certain conditions, like asthma or a weakened immune system. Always consult a healthcare provider to determine the best option for your child.

Contraindications for the flu shot in children

Contraindications are specific conditions in which a drug or treatment should not be used because it could be harmful to the patient. Certain conditions may prevent children from getting the flu shot, including severe allergies to the vaccine or any of its ingredients, a history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome, or being moderately or severely ill at the time of vaccination.

Egg allergy

Egg allergies are no longer considered a contraindication to receiving the flu vaccine.

Tips for parents during the flu shot

• Explain the importance of the flu vaccine and that it keeps everyone healthy.
• Bring comfort items or favorite toys.
• Distract during the injection using a video or a story.
• Praise your child after the shot for being brave.
• Monitor for any side effects.
• Use comfort measures, like a cool compress, to ease discomfort and help your child feel better.

When does flu season start?

Cold and flu season can start as early as October, typically peaks between December and February and can last as long as May . Trends can vary by geographic location, which is why we recommend referencing the CDC Weekly U.S. InfluenzaSurveillance Report to track activity in your area.

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If you have questions about the flu or the flu shot, reach out to your local pediatrician or a Summer Health provider for additional support. Summer Health is a pediatric telehealth platform offering 24/7 care, providing answers for everything from urgent concerns to everyday questions about your child’s health.